A Cautionary Tale

Emma Hamilton: Seduction and Celebrity, National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London SE 10, until 17th April 2017

'Emma as La Penserosa', 1791-92 by Sir Thomas Lawrence ® The Abercorn Heirloom Settlement Trustees; Bryan F. Rutledge B.A.

‘Emma as La Penserosa’, 1791-92 by Sir Thomas Lawrence
® The Abercorn Heirloom Settlement Trustees; Bryan F. Rutledge B.A.

This is an exhibition that has exceeded my expectations and one I had been looking forward to since I learnt of it.

It is I think very much a story of a beautiful young woman that has resonance today – a tale of humble beginnings, of becoming a “celebrity” but ending in disillusionment and obscurity.

Berlin service: Teapot depicting Emma Hamilton ® National Maritime Museum, London. From the Clive Richards Collection

Berlin service: Teapot depicting Emma Hamilton
® National Maritime Museum, London. From the Clive Richards Collection

Born in Cheshire in 1765, daughter of a struggling blacksmith Emma came to London in her thirteenth year and became part of the Covent Garden world which mixed high society with the sexual underworld. Aged sixteen she became the mistress of Sir Harry Fetherstonhaugh and as readers of my blog ‘Unravelling Uppark’ (06/06/14) will know Emma danced naked on the dining room table there to entertain his friends. However when she fell pregnant Fetherstonhaugh chucked her out and she returned to Cheshire and gave birth to a daughter.

'Emma dancing the tarantella' c.1791 by William Lock ® The Jean Kislak Collection

‘Emma dancing the tarantella’ c.1791 by William Lock
® The Jean Kislak Collection

Fortunately she had made the acquaintance of Charles Greville, a son of the Earl of Warwick, and he took her under his wing, installing her in his house just off the Edgware Road in London, an area more rural then than it is today. It was there that Greville introduced her to the painter George Romney.  She was, as the wonderful paintings shown in the exhibition amply prove, a perfect Muse for the artist.

Emma as Circe, 1782, by George Romney ® The National Trust, Waddesdon Manor

Emma as Circe, 1782, by George Romney
® The National Trust, Waddesdon Manor

She also met Greville’s uncle Sir William Hamilton and it was on to him that Greville passed Emma when he tired of her by sending her to Naples where Hamilton was British envoy. Naples was a major stopping-off place on the Grand Tour and thanks to Hamilton’s patient teaching and her own talent she created her famous “Attitudes” which brought scenes from paintings and sculpture to life. She achieved even more of a celebrity status which was crowned when Hamilton married her in 1791.

Gold and micro-mosaic necklace belonging to Emma ® National Maritime Museum, London

Gold and micro-mosaic necklace belonging to Emma
® National Maritime Museum, London

Her new position as an envoy’s wife meant that she had to play a political role too and in this Emma was fortunate that the Neapolitan King’s wife Maria Carolina, a sister of Marie Antoinette, liked her and made a confidante of her.

Horatio Nelson, 1758 -1805, Vice Admiral of the White by Johann Heinrich Schmidt ® National Maritime Museum, London

Horatio Nelson, 1758 -1805, Vice Admiral of the White by Johann Heinrich Schmidt
® National Maritime Museum, London

However in 1798 the arrival of Admiral Nelson, following his victory at the Battle of the Nile, was the beginning of what would be one of the great love affairs of history.  It was one fraught with dangers as her infidelity rocked society and it was not helped by Emma’s giving birth to Nelson’s child whom they named Horatia.

Emma, Lady Hamilton, 1761 - 1815 by Johann Heinrich Schmidt ® National Maritime Museum, London

Emma, Lady Hamilton, 1761 – 1815 by Johann Heinrich Schmidt
® National Maritime Museum, London

They acquired a house at Merton in Surrey and set up home their but because of Nelson’s naval duties he was frequently away.  His death at the Battle of Trafalgar 21st October 1805 brought it all crashing down. Life became difficult in every way and her attempts to maintain her lifestyle and position led to her being imprisoned for debt in 1813 in the King’s Bench Prison.  Thanks to funds being provided she was released but had to flee to Calais to escape her creditors and it was there in January 1815 she died after months of illness in the same poverty as she had been born.

Gold 'fede' or betrothal ring, one of a pair exchanged by Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson and Emma ® National Maritime Museum, London

Gold ‘fede’ or betrothal ring, one of a pair exchanged by Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson and Emma
® National Maritime Museum, London

This somewhat salutary tale is beautifully told through pictures, objects, jewellery, furniture, prints, costumes and personal letters.  It really does give a wonderful insight into her life and times and explains why she remains so beguiling a figure. She is one of those people from history you would really want to meet!

'View of Merton House showing Lady Hamilton and Horatia in the grounds' ® National Maritime Museum, London

‘View of Merton House showing Lady Hamilton and Horatia in the grounds’
® National Maritime Museum, London

 

http://www.rmg.co.uk/emmahamilton

Unravelling Uppark, until 2nd November 2014

Unravelling Uppark, until 2nd November 2014

Unravelled14_by_Jim_Stephenson-1_MidRes


This is a really good way to bring both the story of the house and contemporary works together. The Unravelled artists are specifically commissioned to create works that help weave both architectural and human strands. At Uppark, which is their third and final project with the National Trust, they have much to focus upon, especially the story of Sir Harry Fetherstonhaugh who inherited Uppark in 1774. A bit of a lad he was a friend of the Prince Regent, and part of his household for a time was Emma Hart, later the celebrated Emma Hamilton more better known as Lord Nelson’s paramour. In his middle years Sir Harry settled down only to upset the apple cart, aged seventy, by marrying his twenty year old dairy maid Mary Anne Bullock.

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The first thing that you see as you approach the house’s portico is Agnes Jones’s two iron ‘line drawing’ sculptures Io (Mary Ann Bullock) the Greek nymph who was seduced by Zeus and Euthenia (Emma Hart) the goddess of Prosperity.

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Visitors are recommended to visit the dairy and stables first. In the dairy you will hear Gen Doy’s A Milkmaid’s Song inspired by Sir Harry’s marriage to Mary Ann Bullock.

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The stables are the site for Caitlin Heffernan’s Remnants which subtly contrasts the difference between the landed classes and their stable hands using various pieces of tack, hay, jewels and also pieces of fabric retrieved after Uppark’s horrific fire in 1989.

Thus we are introduced to another thread of the story for glorious Uppark, which had survived relatively unchanged since the 18th century, was hit by a disastrous fire in August 1989. The roof and ceilings were destroyed but fortunately not the walls and even more so much of the plasterwork and woodwork survived. Many of the ground floor rooms’ contents were saved too. The National Trust’s restoration of the building is a triumph.

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In the Staircase Hall Matt Smith’s Garniture: The Bullock Buckets, recalls the period fire buckets in the house and brings together the ideas of the Fire, Mary Anne Bullock’s being sent to Paris to be taught how to be a lady and the Sèvres porcelain collected by Sir Harry.

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The story of Emma dancing naked for Sir Harry and his guests is cleverly recreated by video artist Jini Rawlings in Amy, Emily, Emma and the Four Times of Day (Vernet) using a series of mirrors on the Dining Room table which may even be the very one on which Emma danced.

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Dish of the day: chicken in a basket, the creation of Robert Cooper and Stella Harding, is a large ceramic dish of woven basket design, whose surface is covered with collaged imagery and interwoven text that echoes the story of Emma and Mary Anne in that it highlights modern day exploitation of young people.

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In the Little Parlour Sir Harry’s father Sir Mathew Fetherstonhaugh provides the inspiration for the artist Steven Follen’s Trade a flotilla of origami toy boats. Made from metal sheets and lined with gold leaf and filled with spices which represent Sir Matthew’s links with the East India Company and shipping.

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The story of the fire and the subsequent restoration was the basis for Zoë Hillyard’s Salvage  a group of signature hand-stitched patchwork ceramics in the Red Drawing Room which sit well with the house’s own ceramic collection.

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In the Tapestry room you come across Simon Ryder’s Quartet four crystal blocks of glass laser-etched with rising and falling notes of birdsong reflecting the birdsong you can hear in the garden.

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Downstairs in the basement you will find Andrew Burton’s Vessels made up from tiny ceramic bricks. They evoke enigmatically the barrels and drinking vessels that were used in the house.

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Last and certainly not least is The House of Eloi the creation of Alice Kettle and Helen Felcey. It adds another strand to Uppark’s story since H G Wells’ books The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds and The Invisible Man are the source for this imagined world of mutant creatures that people the Doll’s House Room. You may ask why H G Wells? The answer is simply that his mother was housekeeper at Uppark in the late 19th century. The servants’ tunnels are also thought to have been an inspiration for Wells’ books.

I have long wanted to visit Uppark and never had the opportunity to do so but I was intrigued to come and see Unravelling Uppark. I am so delighted that I waited for what was a really beautiful experience and I hope that you will feel the same when you go there. Like me you may think that some of the contemporary works should remain.

Uppark House and Garden
South Harting, Petersfield GU31 5QR
Sunday-Thursday

http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/uppark

http://www.unravelled.org.uk

Unravelled at Uppark, 2014. Architecture and Interior Photography by Jim Stephenson